It was a preemptive defense [ clarification needed ] of Spinoza's later work, Ethics , published posthumously in , for which he anticipated harsh criticism. The treatise was published anonymously in by Jan Rieuwertsz in Amsterdam. In order to protect the author and publisher from political retribution, the title page identified the city of publication as Hamburg and the publisher as Henricus Kunraht. It was written in New Latin rather than the vernacular Dutch in an attempt to avoid censorship by the secular Dutch authorities. In the treatise, Spinoza put forth his most systematic critique of Judaism, and all organized religion in general.
| Author: | Sajas Milabar |
| Country: | Moldova, Republic of |
| Language: | English (Spanish) |
| Genre: | Relationship |
| Published (Last): | 22 July 2015 |
| Pages: | 369 |
| PDF File Size: | 2.34 Mb |
| ePub File Size: | 13.19 Mb |
| ISBN: | 776-7-61896-412-2 |
| Downloads: | 74398 |
| Price: | Free* [*Free Regsitration Required] |
| Uploader: | Grojas |
Baruch Spinoza was born in Amsterdam, the son of Portuguese Jewish refugees who had fled from the persecution of the Spanish Inquisition. Although reared in the Jewish community, he rebelled against its religious views and practices, and in was formally excommunicated from the Portuguese-Spanish Synagogue of Amsterdam and was thus effectively cast out of the Jewish world. He joined a group of nonconfessional Christians although he never became a Christian , the Collegiants, who professed no creeds or practices but shared a spiritual brotherhood.
He was also apparently involved with the Quaker mission in Amsterdam. Spinoza eventually settled in The Hague, where he lived quietly, studying philosophy, science, and theology, discussing his ideas with a small circle of independent thinkers, and earning his living as a lens grinder.
He corresponded with some of the leading philosophers and scientists of his time and was visited by Leibniz and many others. He is said to have refused offers to teach at Heidelberg or to be court philosopher for the Prince of Conde. During his lifetime he published only two works, The Principles of Descartes' Philosophy and the Theological Political Tractatus In the first his own theory began to emerge as the consistent consequence of that of Descartes see also Vol.
In the second, he gave his reasons for rejecting the claims of religious knowledge and elaborated his theory of the independence of the state from all religious factions. After his death probably caused by consumption resulting from glass dust , his major work, the Ethics, appeared in his Opera Posthuma, and presented the full metaphysical basis of his pantheistic view. Spinoza's influence on the Enlightenment, on the Romantic Age, and on modern secularism has been tremendous.
Benedictus de Spinoza.
ERICSSON RBS 2202 PDF
Tratado Teologico-Politico / Tratado Politico
.
LA INMORTALIDAD MILAN KUNDERA PDF
Tractatus Theologico-Politicus
.